Articles Tagged With: Hypertension
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A Contemporary Review of Hypertension
Hypertension is a common and serious condition that contributes to an estimated 40% of deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke, and is the second leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Because of the importance and frequency of hypertension in primary care practices, we are devoting two issues to the subject. This issue focuses on the definition of blood pressure and current guidelines, risk factors, relationship to cardiovascular disease, blood pressure measurement, patient evaluation, and secondary causes. The next issue will cover treatments (pharmacological and non-pharmacological), initial therapy, relationship to various disease conditions (diabetes, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic stroke, stroke prevention, atrial fibrillation, valvular heart disease, aortic regurgitation, sexual dysfunction), resistant hypertension, hypertensive crises and emergencies, preoperative management, and adherence strategies.
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Management of Chronic Hypertension in Pregnancy
Chronic hypertension complicates about 5% of pregnancies and has been associated with higher rates of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), stillbirth, and, most importantly, superimposed preeclampsia. Although the condition is far from being solved, there have been some major inroads made into its understanding through contemporary investigation.
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Increased Focus on Preventing Preeclampsia
Cases of preeclampsia in the United States have increased since 1980 from 2.4% of all pregnancies to 3.8% in 2010. This increase is cause for concern: Preeclampsia accounts for more than $2.18 billion of the healthcare expenditure in the first 12 months after birth.
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Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in the Emergency Department
Intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome are common occurrences in both ICU and surgical patients. It is important for emergency physicians to have a general working knowledge of abdominal compartment syndrome so they can identify risk factors and decrease morbidity and mortality for the duration of the patient’s hospitalization.
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RESCUEicp: A Trial of Decompressive Craniectomy for Traumatic Intracranial Hypertension
Decompressive craniectomy for the treatment of refractory intracranial hypertension in patients with severe traumatic brain injury reduced mortality but increased rates of vegetative states, lower severe disability, and upper severe disability compared to continued medical management.
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Improving Blood Pressure Through Enhanced Sleep
The use of a benzodiazepine hypnotic among hypertensive patients was associated with improvements in both sleep scores and blood pressure.
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The Risks of a Low-salt Diet: A Meta-analysis
It indicates that people with or without hypertension are at increased risk of death or cardiovascular events when consuming low amounts of sodium.
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Cardiovascular Events Associated with Masked Hypertension and White-coat Hypertension
Analysis from the Dallas Heart Study consisting of 3027 adults revealed that both white-coat hypertension and masked hypertension were independently associated with increased cardiovascular events, and, therefore, home blood pressure monitoring is recommended for U.S. adults, whether symptomatic or asymptomatic.
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Can Vitamin D Deficiency Cause Hypertension?
Vitamin D deficiency might be the root cause of all ills.
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Blueberry Consumption Improves Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness in Postmenopausal Women with Hypertension
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study demonstrated that consumption of freeze-dried blueberry powder twice daily for 8 weeks improved blood pressure and measurements of arterial stiffness in postmenopausal women with pre- or stage 1 hypertension.