Anterior interosseous nerve syndrome is part of the median neuropathy spectrum and often has been attributed to compression near the elbow. Modern magnetic resonance neurography and ultrasound studies have ruled-out compression in most cases.

Multiple clinical tools have emerged to assess small fiber nerve dysfunction, but validated diagnostic criteria are needed to optimize diagnostic sensitivity, support clinical management, and facilitate patient selection for clinical trials.

Small fiber neuropathy is a common disorder that causes chronic pain, but rarely progresses to disability or more severe neurological disorders. Management of the pain continues to be the major challenge in treatment.

As a class, fluoroquinolones are some of the most commonly used antibiotics worldwide. Their use carries a significant risk of neurotoxicty, for both the peripheral and central nervous system.

In a large series of cases from the Mayo Clinic, 54 cases of new neuropathy occurred in 14,450 total knee arthroplasties. Most were isolated peroneal neuropathies. No specific risk factors were identified in this series.

Systemic lupus erythematosus may be associated with a variety of neuropsychiatric syndromes, including peripheral neuropathy, mostly sensorimotor types. However, all parts of the peripheral and central nervous system may be affected, and careful and repeated neurological evaluation is important.

MRI of the brachial plexus and/or lumbar plexus may be helpful in making a diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy in patients who do not meet the standard criteria. Imaging findings include increased signal intensity, nerve hypertrophy, and nerve contrast enhancement.