In this retrospective study, a short course (24 to < 72 hours) of combination antibiotic therapy with piperacillin-tazobactam and vancomycin was not associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury among critically ill patients when compared with other β-lactam and vancomycin combinations.

Point-of-care C-reactive protein testing can safely and effectively reduce antibiotic use in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive lung disease.

In a multicenter, randomized clinical trial, researchers found that a single dose of intravenous amoxicillin/clavulanic acid significantly reduced the risk of infection following operative vaginal birth (forceps or vacuum extraction) compared to placebo (180 of 1,619 [11%] vs. 306 of 1,606 [19%], respectively; P < 0.0001).

Acquisition of antibiotics without a prescription can be easy in the United States.

Approximately half of U.S. residents with health insurance filled an antibiotic prescription over a two-year period.

As a class, fluoroquinolones are some of the most commonly used antibiotics worldwide. Their use carries a significant risk of neurotoxicty, for both the peripheral and central nervous system.

Surgeons Really Are Different; Short-Course Atovaquone/Proguanil for Malaria Prophylaxis; The High Cost of Chronic Lyme Treatment

Pyuria is common in asymptomatic children with neurogenic bladders, especially after bladder surgery. The simple presence of pyuria does not necessarily indicate a need for antibiotic treatment.

In this randomized, controlled trial of more than 3,000 women in developing countries with incomplete or missed abortion at less than 22 weeks’ gestation, antibiotic prophylaxis prior to uterine evacuation reduced infection rates when a strict definition for pelvic infection was used, but not when a more expanded definition was used.

The authors of a retrospective cohort study suggest that perioperative antibiotics reduce the risk of surgical site infection in women undergoing myomectomy.