Infectious Disease Topics
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No Significant Association Between Autism Risk and Maternal Influenza and Vaccination
A very large cohort study over 11 years failed to find an association between autism risk and maternal influenza infection or influenza vaccination during pregnancy. A low risk of autism was associated on initial analysis with first-trimester vaccination, but adjusting statistically for the multiplicity of hypotheses tested in the study showed that this association could be due to chance (P = 0.10).
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Fecal Transplant vs. Oral Vancomycin Taper for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection
In a small randomized, controlled trial that compared fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) administered by enema to a six-week oral vancomycin taper, FMT was not more effective for patients with recurrent Clostridium difficile infection.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Wee Bacterium Parasitizes Other Oral Bacteria; How Safe Is Your Honey?; Benefits of TB Screening Confirmed
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Can the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Cure Cervical Dysplasia?
In this randomized, controlled trial, the HPV 16/18 vaccine did not hasten resolution of existing oncogenic HPV infections nor prevent persistent HPV 16/18 associated infection and cervical dysplasia recurrence after loop electrosurgical excisional procedure treatment.
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VRE and MRSA: Should We Stop Routine Contact Precautions?
The value of routine contact precautions for VRE and MRSA is strongly challenged.
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Empirical Antifungals in the ICU — Probably Not Helpful
Two hundred sixty non-neutropenic ICU patients with clinical evidence of sepsis receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics and known to be colonized by Candida species were randomized to micafungin for 14 days vs. placebo. Empirical micafungin therapy did not increase invasive fungal infection-free survival at 28 days.
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Cranberry Capsules Are Not Effective in Preventing Bacteriuria with Pyuria in Elderly Women in Nursing Homes
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial found that giving cranberry capsules to elderly women residing in nursing homes did not result in any significant benefits, including no reduction in symptomatic urinary tract infections.
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Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is a lethal complication of measles that is not as rare as previously believed.
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CDC Recommends Simpler HPV Vaccine Series for Young Adolescents
The CDC has changed its recommendation for the human papillomavirus vaccine administration from a routine three-dose series to a two-dose series for 9- to 14-year-old children.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Increased in Families; Atypical Mycobacterial Infection in Cardiac Surgery Patients