Articles Tagged With: Vancomycin
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Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole Plus Clindamycin for Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Endocarditis
A before-and-after intervention study compared 170 patients treated with either oxacillin IV or vancomycin IV for six weeks (plus gentamicin IV given during the first five days) to 171 patients who were treated with TMP/SMZ IV plus clindamycin IV for the first week followed by TMP/SMZ PO (without clindamycin) to complete a six-week course. Mortality and hospital length of stay were significantly less in the TMP/SMZ-treated patients.
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Vancomycin for MRSA Pneumonia Following Influenza in Children
Coinfection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in children with influenza is associated with high fatality. Data support the addition of a second anti-MRSA antibiotic to vancomycin in severely ill children.
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Is Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Superior to Fidaxomicin for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection?
In a randomized clinical trial, researchers found the combination of oral vancomycin followed by fecal microbiota transplantation was superior to treatment with fidaxomicin or vancomycin alone for patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection.
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The Downsides of High Vancomycin Troughs: No Longer ‘Mississippi Mud,’ but Still Hazardous
A retrospective cohort study from a large healthcare system found that elevated vancomycin troughs were common and associated with a higher body mass index and reduced baseline renal function, and led to more acute kidney injury and a longer hospital length of stay.
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Oral Vancomycin Is the Most Cost-effective Treatment for the First Recurrence of Clostridium Difficile Infection
The authors of a pharmacoeconomic study comparing bezlotoxumab plus oral vancomycin, oral vancomycin alone, and fidaxomicin found that oral vancomycin alone was the most cost-effective regimen to treat the first recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection.
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Extended-pulsed Dosing of Fidaxomicin vs. Standard-dose Vancomycin for Clostridium difficile Infection
A randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial conducted at 86 European hospitals that included adults aged 60 years or older found that extended-pulsed dosing of fidaxomicin was superior to standard-dose vancomycin for sustained cure of Clostridium difficile infection and resulted in fewer disease recurrences.
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Prevention of Clostridium difficile Recurrence by Orally Administered Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Fecal microbiota transplantation orally administered in capsules was non-inferior to administration by colonoscopy.
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Beta-lactam Antibiotics May Be Useful in MRSA Infection
Using several in vitro assays and animal models, it was shown that oxacillin-treated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains are attenuated in virulence. The effect is mediated by repression of accessory gene regulatory quorum-sensing system and altered cell wall architecture.
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Vancomycin Combined with Piperacillin-Tazobactam Increases the Risk for Acute Kidney Injury
A retrospective cohort study found an increased risk of acute kidney injury for patients who received vancomycin in combination with piperacillin-tazobactam compared to those who received vancomycin plus cefepime (hazard ratio = 4.27; 95% confidence interval, 2.73-6.68).
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Fecal Transplant vs. Oral Vancomycin Taper for Recurrent Clostridium difficile Infection
In a small randomized, controlled trial that compared fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) administered by enema to a six-week oral vancomycin taper, FMT was not more effective for patients with recurrent Clostridium difficile infection.