Two definite (culture-confirmed), and one probable, cases of K. kingae invasive disease were reported in Minnesota in October 2003, among children attending the same toddler classroom of a childcare center.
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Musher and colleagues followed 207 patients with C. difficile colitis treated with appropriate (at least 1.5 gm/day) doses of metronidazole for at least 7 days. All patients had a positive stool ELISA assay for C. difficile toxin.
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Over the past decade, there has been growing concern about the magnitude of antimicrobial resistance, particularly among gram-positive organisms such as penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, methicillin-resistant staphylococci, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci.
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Saccharomyces boulardii (recently recognized as a strain of S. cerevisiae rather than a distinct species) is widely used as a probiotic for the treatment of diarrhea and for the prevention and treatment of C. difficile-associated colitis.
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The FDA has recently approved daptomycin for use in skin and skin-structure infections, but this antibiotic failed the test of non-inferiority in a trial of severe community-acquired pneumonia.
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The FDA has issued a public Health Advisory regarding the identification of 4 cases of toxic shock following medical abortion with Mifepristone (formerly RU-486) and intravaginal misoprostol in the United States.
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