This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of extending the upper age limit of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination to age 30 to 45 years using two independent HPV microsimulation models and found that vaccinating in this age group was not cost-effective.

In this retrospective cohort study of women in Sweden, receipt of human papillomavirus vaccination prior to age 17 years was associated with an 88% decrease in cervical cancer, and vaccination at ages 17 to 30 years was associated with a 53% decrease in cervical cancer.

A self-report of any vitamin D supplementation is associated with a decrease in colorectal polyps; adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.57 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-0.96) in high-latitude conditions. A self report of meeting 600 IU of vitamin D, the recommended daily intake for that region, is associated with a decrease in high-risk adenomatous polyps, with an aOR of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.62-0.99) in high-latitude conditions.

Investigators found an association between higher number of steps taken daily and lower all-cause mortality, lower mortality from cardiovascular disease, and lower mortality from cancer, but no association between intensity of steps and mortality in any of those areas.

The 2018 guidelines for exercise in cancer survivors conclude there is sufficient evidence to recommend specific doses of aerobic exercise, resistance training, and/or a combination of the two to improve common symptoms found in this population, such as anxiety, depression, fatigue, and quality of life.

A large Danish-based population cohort study documents that survivors of cancers arising in adolescence and young adulthood are at increased risk of subsequently developing a variety of endocrine disorders.