Health care providers are understandably concerned about the legal climate in which they live, observes Marshall B. Kapp, JD, MPH, professor in the department of community health at Wright State University School of Medicine in Dayton, Ohio. But ICU physicians can rest easier than many. Even though malpractice cases abound, the reality is that very few medical malpractice claims or other adverse legal actions happen due to thoughtful decisions to withhold or withdraw treatment for dying patients in the ICU.