Infectious Disease Topics
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Antibiotic Use in Treatment of Children with Uncomplicated Severe Acute Malnutrition
Universal antibiotic use in the community-based treatment of uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition in children likely is not necessary in regions where suitable access to healthcare facilities is available.
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Pediatric Coccidioidomycosis in California, 2000-2012
The incidence of pediatric coccidioidomycosis in California has increased significantly from 2000 until 2012, along with hospitalization for complicated disease. Latino children were most commonly infected, but African-American children were significantly more likely to be hospitalized.
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Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole versus Placebo for Skin Abscesses After Incision and Drainage
A multicenter, double-blind, randomized clinical trial found that a 7-day course of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole following incision and drainage (I&D) resulted in a higher rate of cure for skin abscesses compared to I&D and placebo (80.5% vs 73.6%, respectively; P = 0.005).
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Zika Virus: Effects on the Fetus
While the Zika virus has been indolent in many South American, Central American, and Caribbean countries, its recent association with microcephaly (and neurologic impairment) has created an outburst of media alerts, response from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and travel recommendations, particularly as the world moves closer to the 2016 Summer Olympics in Brazil.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Put a Lid on It; ESBL Is Blasé Compared with this Superbug; Cleaner Data on Cleaning Needed; All Those Fake Knees and Hips
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Dengue in Paradise
Dengue virus has infected more than 250 individuals on the island of Hawaii since September 2015.
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Some Professions Are More Dangerous Than Others: HIV Transmission in the Adult Film Industry
Routine HIV testing failed to prevent HIV transmission, with an attack rate of 29% in male adult film performers.
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Leprosy (Hansen’s Disease) in the United States — The Role of Armadillos and the Increasing Incidence in Florida
The evidence linking armadillos to human Hansen’s disease is increasing and the range of infected armadillos and potentially related human cases has expanded into Florida where the incidence of this infection is increasing.
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Oral Fluconazole During Pregnancy Increases Risk for Spontaneous Abortion
A nationwide cohort study from Denmark found a significantly increased risk of spontaneous abortion associated with oral fluconazole usage. Caution with this medication during pregnancy is advised.
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Human Paraechovirus Encephalitis in Children
Human paraechovirus (HPeV) causes encephalitis and is more common in very young or premature female infants. Affected children commonly present with seizures. Diffusion restriction on MRI in the absence of CSF pleocytosis is seen. Neurodevelopmental sequelae are common after long-term follow up.