Nutrition
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Is Weight Loss the Key to Heart Health?
The second trial of semaglutide in obese patients with heart failure and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction, this one in people with type 2 diabetes, also has shown significant improvements in symptoms and exercise function with significantly fewer adverse effects than placebo-treated patients.
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Does Calcium Intake Cause Cardiovascular Disease?
A large population study of calcium intake at dinner vs. breakfast showed an increased risk of heart disease.
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Lifestyle Interventions and HbA1c in Prediabetic Patients
A comprehensive analysis of medical records shows that referral of patients with prediabetic risk factors to an intensive lifestyle change program results in significant improvements in critical cardiovascular risk factors, including hemoglobin A1c levels and obesity; these changes are more pronounced in men than in women.
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Quality, not Quantity: Plant-Based Carbs Might Result in Less Weight Gain
This long-term prospective study found that adults on low-carbohydrate diets rich in plant-based and whole grain sources of protein and fat experienced significantly less weight gain than those on other types of low-carbohydrate diets.
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Food as Medicine? Follow the Evidence
In this randomized, controlled study of more than 400 individuals with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes and food insecurity, an intensive intervention offering healthy groceries and educational efforts failed to significantly affect glycemic control but resulted in heightened engagement with preventive healthcare services in the intervention group compared to the control.
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Dyeing to Death: Examining the Risks of Red 40 and High-Fat Diets
This study exploring colorectal cancer development reveals that Allura Red AC (Red 40), a synthetic dye prevalent in many American diets, causes significant deoxyribonucleic acid damage and colonic inflammation in mice, especially when combined with a high-fat diet.
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Examining Microbiome Metabolites and Parkinson’s Disease
A Mendelian randomization study shows that trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and its precursor metabolites are not associated with risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) but have both positive and negative causal effects on some indicators of PD severity and progression.
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Racing Against Depression and Anxiety: Measuring Running vs. Antidepressant Therapy
This prospective study blending randomization with preference compared a running program with antidepressant therapy in adults with depression or anxiety and showed an improvement in mental health in both arms. However, physical health parameters increased only in the running group.
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Exploring the Mixed Messages of Research Regarding Alcohol
The authors of a large systematic review and meta-analysis concluded there is no health benefit from moderate alcohol intake.
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Oils, Fats, and Mortality: Examining Fats’ Effects on Health and Longevity
This comprehensive prospective study reveals that, compared to non-consumers, individuals using butter and/or margarine have an elevated total mortality rate, while those incorporating canola and/or olive oil into their diets exhibit a reduced total mortality risk.