Obstetrics/Gynecology
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Neurodevelopmental and Psychiatric Risks in Children of Pregnant Mothers Who Use Cannabis
Although current research has not conclusively established a direct link between prenatal cannabis use and an increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), psychotic symptoms, anxiety, or depression in offspring, there is evidence suggesting that prenatal cannabis exposure may modestly elevate the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Additionally, children exposed to cannabis in utero may be more likely to use cannabis later in life.
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Evaluating the Effectiveness of Treatment Strategies for Managing Cesarean Scar Ectopic Pregnancies
A review of 460 international cases of cesarean scar pregnancies demonstrated that surgical treatments were extremely effective options, with successful completion in 91.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 87.8 to 95.2) of suction evacuations and 91.8% (95% CI, 83.8 to 99.9) of surgical excisions compared with a lower success rate for medical options, including local gestational sac injection or systemic methotrexate.
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The Effect of a Full Bladder on Endometrial Biopsy Success in the Office
In this randomized controlled trial of 214 patients, those with a full bladder prior to Pipelle endometrial biopsy had lower first insertion failure rates without the use of a tenaculum (23.4% vs. 42.1%) compared to those with bladder status not taken into account.
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A Tubal Sterilization Knowledge and Decision Aid Support Tool: Does it Make a Difference?
A patient-centered decision aid that improves tubal sterilization knowledge and decision-making quality may be able to fill gaps in counseling and supplement the existing Medicaid sterilization consent process.
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A Review of HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
Knowing one’s human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status can help patients take steps to prevent transmission. Male and female condoms are options for preventing HIV during sexual intercourse. These products are widely available over the counter in retail stores and pharmacies and their use should be encouraged for preventing sexually transmitted infections. Yet, there is another option available, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), for patients to prevent HIV that many providers have not yet added to their armamentarium. This special feature will review the indications for PrEP, its use, and the medications recommended.
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Comparing Medications Used for Lactation Inhibition
A randomized controlled trial demonstrated superior efficacy of cabergoline compared to pyridoxine (78% vs. 35%; P < 0.001) at suppression of lactation seven days after delivery.
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How Common Is Cardiovascular Disease in Pregnant and Postpartum Women from Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Backgrounds?
Neighborhood-level socioeconomic inequities in early pregnancy were associated with higher risk of long-term cardiovascular disease in pregnant and postpartum women.
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Maternal Mortality in the United States Is Worse than in any Other High-Income Nation
This article compares U.S. maternal mortality to other nations and explores reasons why mortality in the United States is four to 10 times higher than in peer countries.
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Furosemide for the Management of Postpartum Hypertension
Current evidence does not support the effectiveness of furosemide in reducing the mean arterial pressure within 24 hours before discharge from delivery hospitalization or before starting antihypertensive medications, compared to a placebo.
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What Do Clinicians Think About the American Cancer Society Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines?
In this study of provider attitudes toward the American Cancer Society 2020 cervical cancer screening guidelines that recommend deferring screening until age 25 years and using human papilloma virus alone as the primary screening, most providers had not adopted the guidelines and were waiting for endorsement by other professional societies, such as the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology.