Obstetrics/Gynecology
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Does Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Before 20 Weeks of Gestation Improve Pregnancy Outcomes?
Therapy for gestational diabetes diagnosed before 20 weeks of pregnancy was associated with a slightly decreased frequency of a composite of unfavorable neonatal outcomes compared to deferred treatment or no therapy. No significant changes were demonstrated for pregnancy-related hypertension or neonatal lean body mass between the two groups.
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Risk-Reducing Surgery and Quality of Life for Patients with Breast and Ovarian Cancer
Risk-reducing mastectomy (RRM) and risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) for patients at high risk of breast and ovarian cancer led to decreased cancer-related distress, unaffected health-related quality of life, poorer body image after RRM, and decreased sexual function and increased menopause symptoms after RRSO.
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Nonhormonal Treatment for Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms: A Phase III Study of Fezolinetant
In this multinational, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial, 522 women with moderate to severe menopausal vasomotor symptoms received either 45 mg of fezolinetant, 30 mg fezolinetant, or placebo. Both fezolinetant doses significantly reduced the frequency and severity of menopausal symptoms at four and 12 weeks of treatment as compared with placebo.
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Mothers, Babies, and HPV: Thanks for Not Sharing!
Nearly half of pregnant women in a Canadian study had vaginal swabs positive for human papillomavirus (HPV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Only about one-fourth of placentas and newborns produced by those HPV-positive women carried detectable HPV DNA, and all HPV-positive babies had cleared their positivity by 6 months of age.
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Cabergoline: An Effective Intervention for Unwanted Lactation After Second Trimester Uterine Evacuation
In this double-blind, randomized controlled trial among 73 patients between 18 and 28 weeks’ gestation undergoing dilation and evacuation or induction of labor for abortion or fetal demise, a one-time dose of 1 mg of cabergoline compared to placebo reduced post-delivery lactation-related breast symptoms in the treatment arm (27.8% vs. 97.0%; relative risk, 0.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.33).
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Effectiveness and Safety of Low-Dose Aspirin to Prevent Preterm Preeclampsia
An aspirin dosage of 150 mg to 162 mg per day, when started in the first trimester of pregnancy, was linked to a decreased risk of preterm preeclampsia compared to an aspirin dosage of 75 mg to 81 mg per day.
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Is It Safe to Skip the Pelvic Examination Before Gender-Affirming Hysterectomy and Vaginectomy?
A retrospective chart review of individuals undergoing gender-affirming hysterectomy, vaginectomy, or both found no difference in 30-day perioperative outcomes between those who received a preoperative internal pelvic examination and those who did not. These findings indicate that omitting such potentially triggering exams may be safe.
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Fezolinetant Tablets (Veozah)
Fezolinetant can be prescribed to treat moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms caused by menopause.
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Preconception Hepatitis B and Congenital Heart Disease
A new study suggests that both women and men who have had hepatitis B infection prior to conceiving offspring are more likely to give birth to children with congenital heart disease.
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Maternal, Fetal, and Infant Implications of a Positive Syphilis Screening During Pregnancy
Although syphilis screening during pregnancy is effective in identifying maternal syphilis, it is not without consequences. False-positive syphilis testing can result in unwarranted antibiotic therapy; re-screening based on risk is not always consistent, and among pregnant women who truly test positive to syphilis, treatment is not always optimized to prevent congenital syphilis.