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The latest health care associated infection (HAI) progress report shows that significant reductions were reported in 2012 for nearly all infections, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports.
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While expressing overall support with proposed federal reduction targets for health care associated infections, the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC) raised several concerns in comments to the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).
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The Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC) recommendations to patients to avoid acquiring pneumonia in the hospital include the following key measures:
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There have been several advances in medical understanding of the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of CDI since the last national guidelines were published in 2010.
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In an observational study of 205 patients with bloodstream infections caused by strains of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, mortality was higher in patients who received monotherapy vs. those treated with combination therapy (44.4% vs 27.2%, P = 0.018).
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In March 2014, Ebola virus infection emerged in Guinea, West Africa, and spread through communities in Guinea and Liberia. Additional reports of suspect cases in Sierra Leone and Mali are under investigation.
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HIV-infected patients diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis who received antiretroviral therapy (ART) 5 weeks after starting antifungal therapy had improved survival at 26 weeks compared to similar patients who received ART at 1-2 weeks (45% vs 30%, respectively, P=0.03).
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Among 3602 young adults from coastal Kenya, the overall prevalence of HIV-1 infection was 3.9%. Of 241 patients presenting with fever, 4 patients (1.7%) had acute HIV infection (AHI). 1 of 265 (0.4%) of non-febrile patients had AHI. Malaria was confirmed by PCR in 4 (1.7%) of the febrile patients.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Association of Public Health Laboratories. Laboratory testing for the diagnosis of HIV infection: updated recommendations. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/HIVtestingAlgorithmRecommendation-Final.pdf