Viral Infections
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Enlargement of Choroid Plexus in Subacute COVID-19 Patients
The choroid plexus is a network of capillaries whose main role involves facilitating cerebrospinal fluid production and the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the central nervous system and the bloodstream. Immune cells are present near the choroid plexus. Enlargement of the choroid plexus has been noted in patients with multiple sclerosis.
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Out of Africa Again? A New Version of Mpox
A novel mpox clade has emerged in Africa and has the potential for a global epidemic.
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Dengue Is Surging, Including in the Americas
Dengue is surging, and cases have been acquired in the United States, including in Puerto Rico and Florida.
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Being Mindful of COVID’s Effects on Cognitive Decline
A large observational study finds objective evidence of lingering cognitive deficits associated with past COVID-19 infection, particularly in patients infected early in the pandemic, those hospitalized, or those with prolonged illness duration.
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Respiratory Syncytial Virus or Influenza in Older Patients: Which Is Worse?
In individuals 75 years of age or older, respiratory syncytial virus infection was associated with more severe illness than was influenza virus infection.
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Avian Influenza A(H5N1) — From Birds to Cows to Human Infection
The spread of influenza H5N1 in dairy cows with documentation of a human infection raises pandemic concern.
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Respiratory Syncytial Virus or Influenza in Older Patients: Which Is Worse?
In individuals 75 years of age or older, respiratory syncytial virus infection was associated with more severe illness than was influenza virus infection.
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Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir in High-Risk Vaccinated and Low-Risk Unvaccinated Participants: The EPIC-SR Trial
In this Phase II-III randomized controlled clinical trial (EPIC-SR), nirmatrelvir-ritonavir was not associated with a significant difference in time to alleviation of symptoms nor COVID-19-related hospitalization or death from any cause as compared with placebo in unvaccinated individuals without risk factors for severe disease or in vaccinated individuals with a least one risk factor for severe disease.
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Predicting Outcomes of Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection can cause hearing loss and neurologic deficits, but most affected newborns escape without sequelae. New data suggest a good prognosis if the mother’s infection was after the first trimester and if the newborn has normal hearing, a normal platelet count, and a normal head ultrasound exam.
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Vaccine Effectiveness Against Long COVID in Children and Adolescents
Findings consistent with long COVID occur in 4.5% of infected children. COVID vaccination reduces the risk of long COVID by 50% in adolescents and by 24% in children aged 5 to 11 years.